Hydraulics and Pneumatic Controls 3e

Dr. R. Srinivasan

Home / Browse / Hydraulics and Pneumatic Controls 3e

Hydraulics and Pneumatic Controls 3e

R. Srinivasan

ISBN 9789394524514

Publication Date Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 UTC 2019

- Twitter
- Facebook
- WhatsApp
- LinkedIn
- Copy URL

PAPERBACK

EBOOK (EPUB)

EBOOK (PDF)

Description

Table of contents

Biographical note

User Reviews

This textbook provides a strong foundation to the basic principles, concepts and applications of fluid power. Concise and student-friendly, this book adopts a step-by-step approach, lays emphasis on concepts, and instills learning of design and system applications of hydraulic and pneumatic controls.

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
Preface
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 What is Fluid Power
- 1.2 History of Fluid Power
- 1.3 Basic Law
- 1.4 Applications of Fluid Power
- 1.5 Advantages of Fluid Power Systems
- 1.6 Comparison of Hydraulic, Pneumatic and Electrical Systems
- 1.7 Types of Fluid Power System
  - 1.7.1 Based on Control System
  - 1.7.2 Based on the Type of Control
- 1.8 Fluid Power Industry in India
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 2 HYDRAULIC FLUIDS AND PROPERTIES
- 2.1 Fluids: Liquids and Gases
- 2.2 Various Hydraulic Fluids
  - 2.2.1 Water
  - 2.2.2 Petroleum Oils
  - 2.2.3 Water Glycols
  - 2.2.4 Water-in-Oil Emulsion
  - 2.2.5 Oil-in-Water Emulsion
  - 2.2.6 Phosphate Esters
  - 2.2.7 Silicones
- 2.3 Properties of Fluids
  - 2.3.1 Viscosity
  - 2.3.2 Viscosity Index
  - 2.3.3 Oxidation Stability
  - 2.3.4 Demulsibility
  - 2.3.5 Lubricity
  - 2.3.6 Rust Prevention
  - 2.3.7 Pour Point
  - 2.3.8 Flash Point and Fire Point
  - 2.3.9 Neutralisation Number
- 2.4 Comparison of Properties
- Solved Problems
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 3 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAULIC FLOW
- 3.1 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
- 3.2 Reynolds Number
- 3.3 Darcy–Weisbach Equation
- 3.4 Losses in Valves and Fittings
- 3.5 Circuit Calculations
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 4 PUMPS
- 4.1 Basic Elements of an Oil Hydraulic System
  - 4.1.1 Hydraulic Pump Unit
  - 4.1.2 Control Valves
  - 4.1.3 Hydraulic Motor (or) Cylinder
- 4.2 Pumps
- 4.3 Hydrodynamic or Non-Positive Displacement Pumps
- 4.4 Hydrostatic or Positive Displacement Pumps
  - 4.4.1 Classification of Positive Displacement Pumps
- 4.5 Gear Pumps
  - 4.5.1 External Gear Pumps
  - 4.5.2 Internal Gear Pumps
  - 4.5.3 Lobe Pumps
  - 4.5.4 Gerotor Pump
  - 4.5.5 Screw Pumps
- 4.6 Vane Pumps
  - 4.6.1 Unbalanced Vane Pump
  - 4.6.2 Pressure Compensated Variable Delivery Pump
  - 4.6.3 Balanced Vane Pump
- 4.7 Piston Pumps
  - 4.7.1 Bent Axis Type Piston Pump
  - 4.7.2 Swash Plate Type Piston Pump
  - 4.7.3 Radial Piston Pump
- 4.8 Pump Performance
  - 4.8.1 Volumetric Efficiency
  - 4.8.2 Mechanical Efficiency
  - 4.8.3 Overall Efficiency
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 5 HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS
- 5.1 Hydraulic Motors
  - 5.1.1 Gear Type Motors
  - 5.1.2 Vane Type Motors
  - 5.1.3 Piston Type Motors
  - 5.1.4 Hydraulic Motor Efficiencies
- 5.2 Semi-Rotary Actuators
  - 5.2.1 Vane Type Actuators
  - 5.2.2 Piston Type Semi-Rotary Actuator
  - 5.2.3 Helical Screw Semi-Rotary Actuator
- 5.3 Hydraulic Cylinders
  - 5.3.1 Single Acting Cylinders
  - 5.3.2 Double Acting Cylinders
  - 5.3.3 Special Type Cylinders
  - 5.3.4 Mounting Configurations
  - 5.3.5 Methods of Applying Linear Motion
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 6 HYDRAULIC VALVES
- 6.1 Pressure Controls
  - 6.1.1 Pressure Relief (Spring Loaded Type) Valve
  - 6.1.2 Compound Relief Valve
- 6.2 Direction Control Valves
  - 6.2.1 Classification of Direction Control Valves
  - 6.2.2 Two Way Valves
  - 6.2.3 Actuating Devices
  - 6.2.4 Rotary Spool Valves
- 6.3 Unloading Valve
- 6.4 Sequence Valve
- 6.5 Counterbalance Valve
- 6.6 Brake Valve
- 6.7 Pressure Reducing Valve
- 6.8 Flow Control Valve
  - 6.8.1 Non-Pressure CompensatedFlow Control Valve
  - 6.8.2 Pressure CompensatedFlow Control Valve
  - 6.8.3 Location of Flow Control Valves
- 6.9 Flow Dividers
  - 6.9.1 Valve Type
  - 6.9.2 Motor Type
- 6.10 Deceleration Valve
- 6.11 Modular Valves
- 6.12 Cartridge Valves
  - 6.12.1 Cartridge Insert Valves
  - 6.12.2 Cartridge Logic Valves
  - Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 7 SEALS AND FILTERS
- 7.1 Seals
  - 7.1.1 Static Seals
  - 7.1.2 Dynamic Seals
  - 7.1.3 Materials for Seals
  - 7.1.4 Conditions Affecting theSelection of Sealing Devices
- 7.2 Fluid Contamination
  - 7.2.1 Cleanliness Standards
- 7.3 Filtration of Fluids
  - 7.3.1 Strainers
  - 7.3.2 Filters
  - 7.3.3 Filter Media
  - 7.3.4 Types of Filters
  - 7.3.5 Filter Location
- Solved Problem
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 8 ACCUMULATORS
- 8.1 Weight Loaded Type Accumulator
- 8.2 Spring Loaded Accumulator
- 8.3 Gas Loaded Type Accumulator
  - 8.3.1 Non-separator Type
  - 8.3.2 Separator Type
  - 8.3.3 Gas Loaded Accumulator Operation
  - 8.3.4 Bellows Type Accumulator
- 8.4 Accumulator Circuits
  - 8.4.1 Leakage Compensation
  - 8.4.2 Auxiliary Power Source
  - 8.4.3 Emergency Source of Power
  - 8.4.4 Shock Suppressor
  - 8.4.5 Thermal Expansion Compensator
- 8.5 Sizing of Accumulator
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 9 SERVO VALVES AND PROPORTIONAL VALVES
- 9.1 Mechanical Hydraulic Servo Valve
- 9.2 Electro Hydraulic Servo Valves
  - 9.2.1 Single Stage Servo Valves
  - 9.2.2 Two Stage Servo Valves
  - 9.2.3 Flapper Type Servo Valve
  - 9.2.4 Jet Pipe Servo Valve
  - 9.2.5 Speed Control Circuit with a Servo Valve
- 9.3 Proportional Valves
  - 9.3.1 Control of Proportional Valves
  - 9.3.2 Spool Position Control
- 9.4 Proportional Pressure Relief Valves
- 9.5 Proportional Pressure Reducing Valve
- 9.6 Proportional Direction Control Valve
  - 9.6.1 Speed Control Circuit with a Proportional Valve
- 9.7 Comparison of Proportional and Servo Valves
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 10 INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
- 10.1 Intensifier Circuit
  - 10.1.1 Intensifier Press Circuit
- 10.2 Regenerative Circuit
  - 10.2.1 Drilling Machine Application
- 10.3 Synchronising Circuits
- 10.4 Automatic Cylinder Reciprocation Circuit
- 10.5 Multiple Circuitry using Banked Units
- 10.6 Sequencing Circuits
  - 10.6.1 Sequence Operation using Sequencing Valve
  - 10.6.2 Sequence Operation by use of Cam Valve
- 10.7 Circuits for Operations of Machine Tools
  - 10.7.1 Hydraulic Operation of a Planning Machine
  - 10.7.2 Hydraulic Operation of a Vertical Milling Machine
  - 10.7.3 Hydraulic Operation of a Surface Grinding Machine
  - 10.7.4 Hydraulic Operation of a Press
- 10.8 Safety Circuits
  - 10.8.1 Two-hand Safety Control Circuit
  - 10.8.2 Fail-safe Control Circuit Using Emergency Cut-off Valve
- 10.9 Hydraulic Circuit for a Robot Arm
- 10.10 Hydrostatic Transmission
  - 10.10.1 Open Circuit Transmission
  - 10.10.2 Closed Circuit Transmission
  - 10.10.3 Applications
- 10.11 Power Pack
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 11 DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
- 11.1 Design Informations Required
- 11.2 Selection of a Hydraulic Cylinder
  - 11.2.1 Preferred Sizes
  - 11.2.2 Piston Rod Buckling
- 11.3 Selection of Hydraulic Motors
  - 11.3.1 Hydrostatic Drives
  - 11.3.2 Hydrostatic Drive Characteristics
  - 11.3.3 Braking of Hydrostatic Drives
  - 11.3.4 Hydraulic Motor Characteristics and Performance Curves
  - 11.3.5 Matching Motor to Load
- 11.4 Selection of Control Valves
  - 11.4.1 Selection of Relief Valves
  - 11.4.2 Selection of Flow Control Valve
  - 11.4.3 Selection of DirectionControl Valve
- 11.5 Selection of Filters
- 11.6 Selection of Hydraulic Conduits
  - 11.6.1 Tubing
  - 11.6.2 Hoses
- 11.7 Pressure Losses
  - 11.7.1 Pressure Drop in Pipelines
  - 11.7.2 Pressure Losses in Valves and Filters
- 11.8 Selection of Pump
- 11.9 Reservoir
  - 11.9.1 Functions of a Fluid Reservoir
  - 11.9.2 Reservoir Design
- 11.10 Sizing of Accumulator
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 12 PNEUMATICS
- 12.1 Comparison of Pneumatic System with Hydraulic System
- 12.2 Properties of Air
- 12.3 Basic Pneumatic System
- 12.4 Compressors
  - 12.4.1 Piston Compressors
  - 12.4.2 Vane Compressors
  - 12.4.3 Screw Compressors
- 12.5 Primary Air Treatment
- 12.6 Receiver
- 12.7 Air Filter
- 12.8 Pressure Regulator
- 12.9 Lubricator
- 12.10 Pneumatic Valves
  - 12.10.1 Direction Control Valves
  - 12.10.2 Pneumatic Check Valve
  - 12.10.3 Flow Control Valve
  - 12.10.4 Pneumatic Shuttle Valve or ‘OR’ Type Valve
  - 12.10.5 ‘AND’ Type or Two-Pressure Valve
  - 12.10.6 Quick Exhaust Valve
  - 12.10.7 Time Delay Valve
- 12.11 Pneumatic Actuators
  - 12.11.1 Pneumatic Cylinders
  - 12.11.2 Air Motors
  - 12.11.3 Vacuum Suction Cups
- 12.12 Mufflers
- 12.13 Pneumatic Circuits
  - 12.13.1 Basic Pneumatic Circuit
  - 12.13.2 Speed Control Circuit
  - 12.13.3 Quick Exhaust Circuit
  - 12.13.4 Two Step Feed Control Circuit
  - 12.13.5 Time Delay Circuit
  - 12.13.6 Automatic Cylinder Reciprocation Circuit
  - 12.13.7 Two Hand Safety Control Circuit
- 12.14 Selection of Pneumatic Components
  - 12.14.1 Selection of Pneumatic Cylinders
  - 12.14.2 Selection of Air Motors
  - 12.14.3 Sizing of Control Valves
  - 12.14.4 Pressure Losses in Pipes
  - 12.14.5 Selection of Filter, Regulator, Lubricator
  - 12.14.6 Sizing of Compressors
  - Solved Problems
  - Exercise
  - Review Questions
CHAPTER 13 HYDROPNEUMATICS
- 13.1 Air-Oil Reservoir
- 13.2 Air-Oil Cylinder
- 13.3 Air-Oil Intensifier
- 13.4 Comparison of Hydropneumatic, Hydraulic and Pneumatic System
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 14 PNEUMATIC LOGIC CONTROLS
- 14.1 Pneumatic Sensors
- 14.2 Position Sensors
  - 14.2.1 Pneumatic Limit Valves
  - 14.2.2 Back Pressure Sensor
  - 14.2.3 Proximity Sensor
  - 14.2.4 Gap Sensor or Interruptible Jet Sensor
  - 14.2.5 Limit Switch
  - 14.2.6 Comparison between the Different Position Sensors
- 14.3 Pressure Sensors
- 14.4 Switching Elements
  - 14.4.1 Miniature Control Valves
  - 14.4.2 Moving-Part Logic Elements
  - 14.4.3 Fluidic Element
  - 14.4.4 Comparison between the Different Switching Elements
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 15 DESIGN OF PNEUMATIC LOGIC CIRCUITS
- 15.1 Classic Method
- 15.2 Cascade Method
- 15.3 Step-counter Method
- 15.4 Logic Circuit Design with Karnaugh-Veitch Mapping Method
- 15.5 Combinational Circuit Design
- Solved Problems
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 16 ELECTRICAL CONTROL OF FLUID POWER
- 16.1 Components of Electrical Controls
  - 16.1.1 Switches
  - 16.1.2 Solenoids
  - 16.1.3 Relays
  - 16.1.4 Timers
- 16.2 Electro-Hydraulic / Pneumatic Circuits
  - 16.2.1 Reciprocation of a CylinderUsing Pressure Switches
  - 16.2.2 Control of a Cylinder Using a Single Limit Switch
  - 16.2.3 Dual Cylinder Sequencing Circuit
  - 16.2.4 Regenerative Circuit
- 16.3 Cascade Method for Electropneumatic Circuits
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 17 MICROELECTRONIC CONTROL OF FLUID POWER
- 17.1 PLC Construction
  - 17.1.1 Central Processing Unit
  - 17.1.2 Memory
  - 17.1.3 I/O Module
- 17.2 Programming the PLC
  - 17.2.1 Ladder Diagram Based
  - 17.2.2 Low-level Language Based on Boolean Functions
  - 17.2.3 Functional Blocks
  - 17.2.4 High-level Languages
- 17.3 PLC Operation
- 17.4 Microprocessor Construction
  - 17.4.1 Microprocessor
  - 17.4.2 Memory
  - 17.4.3 Input/Output
  - 17.4.4 DC Power Supplies
  - 17.4.5 Bus
  - 17.4.6 Interfacing
- 17.5 Programming the Microprocessor
  - 17.5.1 Low-level Language Programming
  - 17.5.2 High-level Language Programming
- 17.6 Microprocessor Operation
- 17.7 Difference between PLCs and Microcomputers
- Exercise
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 18 INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING OF FLUID POWER SYSTEMS
- 18.1 Installation of Hydraulic Systems
  - 18.1.1 Installation of Pumps
  - 18.1.2 Installation of Cylinders
  - 18.1.3 Installation of Valves
  - 18.1.4 Installation of Tubing
  - 18.1.5 Power Pack Installation
  - 18.1.6 Filling the System
- 18.2 Maintenance of Hydraulic Systems
  - 18.2.1 Maintenance Schedule
- 18.3 Troubleshooting of Hydraulic System
  - 18.3.1 Fault Finding Procedure
- 18.4 Trouble — Possible Causes and Remedies
  - 18.4.1 Pumps
  - 18.4.2 Relief Valves
  - 18.4.3 Directional Valves
  - 18.4.4 Sequence Valves
  - 18.4.5 Unloading Valves
  - 18.4.6 Counterbalance Valves
  - 18.4.7 Flow Control Valves
  - 18.4.8 Remote Flow Control Valves
  - 18.4.9 Hydraulic Motors
  - 18.4.10 Hydraulic Cylinders
  - 18.4.11 Accumulators
  - 18.4.12 General Circuit Problems
- 18.5 Installation of Pneumatic Systems
  - 18.5.1 Installation of FRL Unit
  - 18.5.2 Installation of Pneumatic Cylinder
  - 18.5.3 Installation of Pipelines
  - 18.5.4 Installation of Compressor
- 18.6 Maintenance of Pneumatic System
  - 18.6.1 Maintenance Schedule
- 18.7 Troubleshooting of Pneumatic Systems
- 18.8 Trouble — Possible Causes and Remedies
  - 18.8.1 Compressor
  - 18.8.2 FRL Unit
  - 18.8.3 Air Cylinders and Air Motors
  - 18.8.4 Valves
  - 18.8.5 Pipe Lines and Hoses
- Review Questions
CHAPTER 19 LOW – COST AUTOMATION
- 19.1 Concepts of Low-cost Automation
- 19.2 Technologies Used for LCA
- 19.3 Applications
Appendices
- Two-mark Questions and Answers
References
Index

Professor and Head Department of Mechanical Engineering Rvs College of Engineering Dindigul

Comments should not be blank

Rating